Run user process.

Makefile

@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ debug-nox: image.bin
 		-ex "continue"
 
 fs.img: kernel.bin tools/mkfs user/false
-	tools/mkfs $@ $<
+	tools/mkfs $@ $< user/false
 
 LDFLAGS=-m elf_i386
 
 user/%: user/%.o user/crt.o
-	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ -Ttext 0x101000 $^
+	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ -Ttext 0x1000 $^
 
 image.bin: mbr.bin fs.img
 	cat $^ >$@
 
 kernel.bin: kernel.o console.o drivers/vga.o drivers/keyboard.o \
 	drivers/ata.o cpu/vectors.o cpu/idt.o cpu/gdt.o drivers/uart.o \
-	fs/fs.o lib/mem.o lib/string.o
+	fs/fs.o lib/mem.o lib/string.o proc.o cpu/swtch.o
 	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ -Ttext 0x1000 $^
 
 %.o: %.c

cpu/gdt.h

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 
 #define DPL_USER 3
 
+#define FL_IF           0x00000200
+
 #define SEG_KCODE 1
 #define SEG_KDATA 2
 #define SEG_UCODE 3
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@
                 (0xC0 | (((lim) >> 28) & 0xf)), (((base) >> 24) & 0xff)
 
 #define USER_BASE       0x400000 // 4 MB
+#define USER_STACK_BASE 0xf00000 // 15 MB
 #define KERN_STACK_BASE  0x90000
 
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLER__

cpu/idt.c

@@ -42,27 +42,27 @@ void init_idt() {
 }
 
 const char * const exception_messages[] = {
-    "Division By Zero",
-    "Debug",
-    "Non Maskable Interrupt",
-    "Breakpoint",
-    "Into Detected Overflow",
-    "Out of Bounds",
-    "Invalid Opcode",
-    "No Coprocessor",
+    [0] = "Division By Zero",
+    [1] = "Debug",
+    [2] = "Non Maskable Interrupt",
+    [3] = "Breakpoint",
+    [4] = "Into Detected Overflow",
+    [5] = "Out of Bounds",
+    [6] = "Invalid Opcode",
+    [7] = "No Coprocessor",
 
-    "Double Fault",
-    "Coprocessor Segment Overrun",
-    "Bad TSS",
-    "Segment Not Present",
-    "Stack Fault",
-    "General Protection Fault",
-    "Page Fault",
-    "Unknown Interrupt",
+    [8] = "Double Fault",
+    [9] = "Coprocessor Segment Overrun",
+    [10] = "Bad TSS",
+    [11] = "Segment Not Present",
+    [12] = "Stack Fault",
+    [13] = "General Protection Fault",
+    [14] = "Page Fault",
+    [15] = "Unknown Interrupt",
 
-    "Coprocessor Fault",
-    "Alignment Check",
-    "Machine Check",
+    [16] = "Coprocessor Fault",
+    [17] = "Alignment Check",
+    [18] = "Machine Check",
 };
 
 #define ARRLEN(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))

cpu/swtch.S

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+    // swtch(void** oldstack, void* newstack)
+    .global swtch
+swtch:
+    mov 4(%esp), %eax // eax holds "oldstack"
+    mov 8(%esp), %ecx
+
+    push %ebx
+    push %ebp
+    push %esi
+    push %edi
+
+    mov %esp, (%eax) // save stack ptr to "oldstack"
+    mov %ecx, %esp   // use "newstack" as stack ptr
+
+    pop %edi
+    pop %esi
+    pop %ebp
+    pop %ebx
+
+    ret

cpu/vectors.S

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+    .global trapret
+
 alltraps:
     # Build trap frame.
     pushl %ds
@@ -13,7 +15,9 @@ alltraps:
     pushl %esp
     call trap
     add $4, %esp
+    // execution falls through to trapret
 
+trapret:
     popal
     popl %gs
     popl %fs

kernel.c

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ asm(".asciz \"kernel start\\n\"");
 #include "drivers/uart.h"
 #include "fs/fs.h"
 #include "lib/string.h"
+#include "proc.h"
+
 
 void _start() {
     load_gdt();
@@ -28,20 +30,19 @@ void _start() {
     } else {
         printk("failed to read file\n");
     }
-    printk("\n> ");
-
     while (1) {
         if (kbd_buf_size > 0 && kbd_buf[kbd_buf_size-1] == '\n') {
             if (!strncmp("halt\n", kbd_buf, kbd_buf_size)) {
                 qemu_shutdown();
-            } else if (!strncmp("run ", kbd_buf, kbd_buf_size)) {
+            } else if (!strncmp("run ", kbd_buf, 4)) {
                 kbd_buf[kbd_buf_size-1] = '\0';
-                // const char* cmd = kbd_buf + 4;
-                // run_elf(cmd);
+                const char* cmd = kbd_buf + 4;
+                run_elf(cmd);
             } else {
-                printk("unknown command, try: halt\n> ");
+                printk("unknown command, try: halt");
             }
             kbd_buf_size = 0;
+            printk("\n> ");
         }
         asm("hlt");
     }

lib/string.c

@@ -26,3 +26,10 @@ int strncmp(const char* s1, const char* s2, size_t size) {
     }
     return (unsigned char)(*s1) - (unsigned char)(*s2);
 }
+
+void memset(void* b, char c, size_t len) {
+    char* p = b;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        p[i] = c;
+    }
+}

lib/string.h

@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ typedef unsigned size_t;
 
 void kmemmove(char* dst, char* src, size_t size);
 int strncmp(const char* s1, const char* s2, size_t size);
+void memset(void* b, char c, size_t len);

proc.c

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#include "elf.h"
+#include "proc.h"
+#include "fs/fs.h"
+#include "cpu/gdt.h"
+#include "cpu/isr.h"
+#include "lib/mem.h"
+#include "lib/string.h"
+#include "console.h"
+
+struct context {
+    // matches the behavior of swtch()
+	uint32_t edi, esi, ebp, ebx;
+	uint32_t eip; // return address for swtch()
+};
+
+struct kstack {
+    uint32_t space[400];
+    struct context context;
+    registers_t trapframe;
+};
+
+struct vm {
+    void *kernel_thread;
+    void *user_thread;
+    struct kstack *user_kstack;
+} *vm;
+
+void trapret();
+void swtch(void** oldstack, void* newstack);
+
+void run_elf(const char* name) {
+    if (!vm) {
+        vm = kmalloc(sizeof(struct vm));
+        vm->user_kstack = kmalloc(sizeof(struct kstack));
+    }
+    if (read_file(name, (void*)USER_BASE, 100 << 20) <= 0) {
+        printk(name);
+        printk(": file not found\n");
+        return;
+    }
+    Elf32_Ehdr *hdr = (void*)USER_BASE;
+
+    struct kstack *u = vm->user_kstack;
+    memset(u, 0, sizeof(*u));
+    u->context.eip = (uint32_t)trapret;
+
+    registers_t *tf = &u->trapframe;
+    tf->eip = hdr->e_entry;
+    tf->cs = (SEG_UCODE << 3) | DPL_USER;
+    tf->ds = (SEG_UDATA << 3) | DPL_USER;
+    tf->es = tf->ds;
+    tf->fs = tf->ds;
+    tf->gs = tf->ds;
+    tf->ss = tf->ds;
+    tf->eflags = FL_IF;
+    tf->useresp = USER_STACK_BASE;
+
+    // initialization done, now switch to the process
+    swtch(&vm->kernel_thread, &u->context);
+
+    // process has finished
+}

proc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#pragma once
+
+void run_elf(const char* name);